Note that some of the multiple choice questions may have more than one correct answer; you should circle the most appropriate answer.

1. The most fundamental construct in object oriented softwared development is: (a) object  (b) program  (c) UML  (d) algorithm  (e) None of these
2. Match the following OOP concepts with the equivalent UML term by writing the letter from the first column in front of the corresponding word in the right column.
• is-a                association
• has-a               attribute
• uses-a              class
• abstract object     dependency
• behavior            generalization
  
• state               operation
3. Which of the the following, at least in Java (and C++), is a synonym for 'object'?  (a) method  (b) attribute  (c) instance  (d) class
4. The creation of an object is called:  (a) declaration  (b) instantiation  (c) initialization  (d) all of these
5. In the definition of a class the developer encapslates the class ____________.  (a) attributes  (b) members  (c) methods  (d) objects
6. The fundamental UML construct for implementing object oriented behavior is the:  (a) procedure  (b) function  (c) method  (d) operation  (e) program
   
7. The fundamental OOP language construct for implementing object oriented behavior is:  (a) procedure  (b) function  (c) method  (d) operation  (e) program
8. The fundamental OOP language construct for specifying the state of an object is:  (a) attribute  (b) variable  (c) instance  (d) class  (e) object
   

9. (K) (a) Which kind of software construct (class, functional operation, or procedural operation) should be named with nouns?  (b) Which should be named with verbs?
   
10. (U) What is the most important (a) similarity and (b) difference (1) between association and inheritance,  (2) between association and dependency, (3) between encapsulation and visibility (access control), (4) between class and object, (5) between instance and object, and (6) between declaration, instantiation, and initialization..
11.  (K) In Java (and C++), how does one implement (1) encapsulation, (2) access control (visibility), (3) generalization (4) polymorphism*, and (5) instantiation?
12. (S) (a) Draw the UML class diagrams with inter-class relationships for an "efficient" object oriented architecture of a "Cube Analyzer" application that determines the area, volumn, and location of cubes from data input by a user.  Use, among others, three classes: (1) Cube which calculates the area and volumn,  (2) UserInterface which instantiates a variable testCube of type Cube and allows the user to give it various values, and (3)  Point3D which specifies the location of a point (which is used to designate a cube's center).   (b) Expand this architecture by incorporating the MOST useful abstract class for this software architecture.  (c) Write a skeleton code for the Java C++ implementation of this architecture; do NOT write the code for any of the methods (Replace this with comments.).
13. (U/synthesis)Illustrate the basic UML class diagram constructs (covered in this presentation) using four connected rectangles to represent (1) encapsulation (including visibility and member syntax) and (2) semantic relationships (including UML names, colloquialisms, navigability, and multiplicity).

14. When I develop object oriented software*, I develop _________ and then I ________ them thus creating a software _____________.  They get ___________ when the software is executed; then they become _______________.   ( *Note that "develop object oriented software" means from start to finish, i.e from conception to writing Java (or any object oriented language) code.  Also note that "implement", "compile",  or "code" do not fit in any of these blanks because they are implied when I said "develop object oriented software".)  (Try to answer this a second time AFTER you have checked your answers on the preceding questions.).

1. This is the "first" and, perhaps, most fundamental multiple choice question of which I can think.  Some might call it "tricky" because I expect most students to miss this question, so be thoughtful; read each possible answer carefully.  Note that "construct" is exactly as the name implies, something with which you construct things in computer science.  The answer is the same, whether you are "constructing" UML diagrams or writing OO code.
2. No hints; no answers.  Each of the words in the left column are FUDAMENTAL UML terms, so if you are not comfortable with them, look 'em up and make friends with them.
3. See the comment on the previous question.
4. Ditto
5. Ditto
6. Ditto
7. No hints; no answers.  Each of the words in the left column are FUDAMENTAL object oriented language terms, so if you are not comfortable with them, look 'em up and make friends with them.
8. Ditto
9. Hint: nouns are names of "things"; verbs are names of "actions".
10. Both (1) and (2) have the same similarity; in fact, all four terms in those parts of the question all have one thing in common; they are all _______________.  In (3) one of the concepts requires the other.  (4) Consider reality versus abstraction.  (5) They are not synonyms; one is a special case of the other, i.e. which is true: (a) "An object is an instance, but not visa versa." or (b) "An instance is an object, but not visa versa".
11. Currently not convered by the presentation.
12. Use the figures of section 4  as your example.  If you think about it the basic structure of the UML class diagrams will be the same; only the details (class names and members) will differ.
13. The simplest way to answer this question is to draw one main class (name it "C").  Then, since we have three relationships, draw three more classes (suggenstion: place class "S" above C; place class "A" to the left of C; and place class "D" to the right of C.  Then include the members of class C (only) and draw the relationships betwee C and S, C and A, as well as C and D; it is not necessary to draw relationships between A, D, and S.
14. This is not a good "test" question, i.e. if you don't start correctly, everything will be off.  However, this is a good discussion question.  Just be careful when considering the first blank; consider question 1, above.